Dilitas International Security Brief – 23rd March 2015

The threat to the UK from International Terrorism is SEVERE
The threat to Great Britain from Irish Republican Terrorism is MODERATE

SEVERE means that a terrorist attack is highly likely;
SUBSTANTIAL means that a terrorist attack is a strong possibility;
MODERATE, means that a terrorist attack is possible, but not likely.

DOMESTIC:

Reported Monday 23rd March 2015 – Thousands of licensed security guards could be working in the UK fraudulently after buying qualifications for cash, a BBC investigation has found. Jobseekers must sit mandatory exams to get a Security Industry Authority card. But undercover researchers found colleges happy to sit or forge exams for untrained students for a fee. With a fraudulently obtained SIA licence, a researcher got a job offer at a power station and an interview to guard Canary Wharf. Keith Vaz MP called it “a major scandal” and “one of the most shocking things I’ve seen in all the years I’ve chaired the Home Affairs Select Committee”.

Nine British medical students and doctors are feared to have travelled to Syria to work in areas controlled by Islamic State militants. The group, all in their late teens or early 20s, had been studying medicine in Sudan. The medics are believed to have entered Syria more than a week ago.

A teenager has been jailed for 22 years for hatching a plot to behead a British soldier inspired by the murder of Fusilier Lee Rigby. Brusthom Ziamani, 19, stood impassively in the dock as the sentence was handed down at the Old Bailey. He was arrested in an east London street carrying a 12in knife and a hammer in a rucksack.

A Plaistow woman found to have an al-Qaeda magazine and a bomb-making guide on a memory stick was jailed for 18 months last week. Snaresbrook Crown Court heard how Afsana Kayum’s home was searched in September 2013 by officers from the MPS’s counter terrorism command, SO15 Among the electronic devices seized was a USB stick containing a copy of Inspire magazine, which is published by a branch of al-Qaeda. Also on the drive was a copy of The Lone Mujahedeen Handbook, which contained a practical guide to bomb-making and other violent attacks. Kayum, 22, was arrested in October 2013 but released on bail before being charged that December. She was found guilty following a trial at Snaresbrook Crown Court last month.

A British woman arrested by counter-terrorism officers at Luton Airport earlier last week has been charged with an identity document offence. Jamila Henry, 21, was detained at a bus station in Ankara, Turkey, by Turkish police who believe she was trying to get to Syria. Ms Henry was deported and arrested by Met police as she stepped off her flight from Istanbul at Luton Airport.

Reported 17th March 2015 – A 16-year-old boy whose two elder brothers were killed fighting in Syria’s civil war has been barred from travelling abroad. Mr Justice Hayden made the boy a ward of court, which bars him from leaving the jurisdiction of England and Wales. The judge made the ruling in the Family Division of the High Court in London after social services raised fears he could travel to Syria. He said the teenager could not be named. But he said the local authority which had applied for the teenager to be made a ward of court was Brighton and Hove City Council.

Six men have been arrested after a group forced its way into a synagogue in what police have described as an “anti-Semitic” incident. Police said the drunk men had just left a nearby party and tried to get into the synagogue in Stamford Hill, north London, in the early hours of Sunday.

The Times newspaper on 18 March reported that the Henry Jackson think tank has said that the impact of Edward Snowden’s intelligence leaks have ‘devastated’ Britain’s ability to fight terrorism and organised crime. The think tank’s report said the leaks have made terrorist suspects harder to detect, and have also meant that encrypted emails take longer to penetrate. The report also said that terrorist suspects were using human couriers instead of email and mobile phones in what one U.S. intelligence officer was quoted as calling the “most significant” change in terrorist behaviour since the leaks were released in June 2013.

NORTHERN IRELAND AND EIRE:

The widow of a man shot dead along with eight IRA men in Loughgall, is “delighted” that she has been given leave to argue for a fresh inquest. She was told at the High Court in Belfast last week that she can challenge the Secretary of State’s intervention on whether to order new inquests in the case. Anthony Hughes died in May 1987 when he was innocently caught up in what proved to be the largest loss of life suffered by the republican movement during the Troubles. Source Undercover SAS soldiers gunned down eight members of the IRA’s ‘East Tyrone unit’ as they approached an RUC station with a bomb in a hijacked digger.

INTERNATIONAL:

EU
The EU police agency Europol has set up a new team to break people-smuggling gangs who send migrants on perilous voyages across the Mediterranean. The maritime intelligence unit, called “JOT (Joint Operational Team) Mare”, is based at Europol HQ in The Hague.

ISIS

Jihadists from the Islamic State (IS) group may have committed genocide and war crimes against the minority Yazidi community in Iraq, the UN says. In a new report, it says IS had “the intent… to destroy the Yazidi as a group.”

A Kurdish military official last week said that he had evidence that Islamic State militants have used chlorine as a chemical weapon against Peshmerga forces three times in northern Iraq. General Aziz Waisi, who said his forces were exposed to the chemical, alleged that the insurgents had used chlorine in a December attack in the Sinjar area and in two others in January west of Mosul.

The top UN envoy in Afghanistan has said there was clear evidence that ISIL has established a foothold in Afghanistan, a view echoed by Russia which urged the Security Council to stop its expansion. Nicholas Haysom said experts had assessed that while ISIL has not managed to develop “firm roots” in the country there was concern that it could offer inspiration to various, disparate splinter groups. Russia’s deputy UN Ambassador said that Moscow was worried about the rise of the terrorist threat in Afghanistan and the broadening of ISIL’s geographical activities.

The Libyan army chief has said that Europe will face infiltration by ISIL militants from Libya if the West fails to support his forces with arms and ammunition. He said ISIL militants will “spread in European countries if (the West) doesn’t offer real help to the Libyan people, especially the Libyan army.” The extremists, he said, “will head with the illegal migrants to Europe, where corruption and destruction will spread just like Libya. But there it will be hard to confront them. We want weapons and ammunition only. We have the men. The army is increasing in number every day,” he added.

SYRIA

More than 20 people have been killed in twin bomb attacks targeting Kurds marking Persian New Year, or Norouz, in north-eastern Syria, activists say. Syrian state TV said the bombs exploded in the al-Mufti district of Hassakeh, a largely Kurdish-controlled city.

The Syrian military says it has shot down a US drone near the city of Latakia, a stronghold of President Bashar al-Assad in north-west Syria. US officials have said they lost contact with a drone but that it is unclear if it was shot down.

Syrian government forces allegedly carried out a suspected gas attack that killed a family of six, including three children, a Syrian human rights watchdog has claimed. The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said alleged gas attacks on the north-eastern town of Sarmin also injured dozens more civilians.

LIBYA

Fighting has been raging in Libya between Islamic State (IS) fighters and a militia alliance from the west of the country, near the city of Sirte. A spokesman for militia brigades told the BBC that two of their men had been killed in the clashes.

PAKISTAN

Pakistan has hanged 12 convicts, the largest number of people executed on the same day since the country overturned a ban on executions. The men were terrorists, murderers or guilty of “heinous crimes”, an interior ministry spokesman said. At least 27 convicts have been executed since the moratorium was lifted, most of them militants, Reuters reported.

IRAQ

The tomb of ousted Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein has been almost completely levelled in fighting near Tikrit. Footage filmed by the AP news agency shows that all that remains standing of the once-lavish mausoleum in the village of al-Awja are some pillars. Iraqi forces and Iranian-backed Shia militia have been battling to drive Islamic State (IS) from Tikrit.

Iraqi intelligence service has described how a violent jihadi cell hid explosives in a Koran box and displayed liquor bottles in their cars to avoid suspicion that they were religious extremists. Trapdoors in floorboards and bottles of alcohol on back seats – Iraq’s intelligence service last week detailed how the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant’s (ISIL) car bomb cell eluded the police for months. The suspected leader of the group was arrested riding a bicycle in an upmarket neighbourhood, a spokesman for the Iraqi national intelligence service told AFP. He added, “When we first picked up a scent in our hunt for this network, we organised surveillance that lasted six months. Then we set up a task force and arrested all of them in 72 hours”. He stated that 31 people who had been arrested were responsible for 52 attacks in Baghdad in 2014 and 2015.

IRAN

Iran’s President Hassan Rouhani says that progress made in nuclear talks means a final deal can be reached. “There is nothing that cannot be resolved,” although some differences still remain, Iranian state media quoted him as saying. US Secretary of State John Kerry also said that “substantial progress” had been made in the talks. Six world powers are negotiating a deal with Iran aimed at limiting its nuclear activity, with a late March deadline.

YEMEN

Reported 22nd March 2015 – Parts of Yemen’s third largest city Taiz have been seized by Shia rebels, reports quoting security officials say. The city’s airport was among the areas seized by Houthi rebels, reports said.

Islamic State (IS) say its militants carried out suicide bombings on two mosques in the Yemeni capital, Sanaa, which killed at least 137 people. The attacks are the first claimed by IS – a Sunni group – since it set up a branch in Yemen in November.

Warplanes have targeted the palace used by Yemen’s President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi in the southern city of Aden. Officials said anti-aircraft guns prevented any direct hits on the hilltop compound. But witnesses saw smoke rising from the area afterwards. It is not clear if Mr Hadi was inside, but aides said he was now safe.

The conflict in Yemen could become “protracted in the vein of an Iraq, Syria, Libya combined scenario” the UN’s special envoy has warned. Jamal Benomar was speaking as the Security Council met in New York to express support for ousted President Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi.

TUNISIA

Nineteen people, including 17 foreign tourists, have been killed in a gun attack on the Bardo museum in the Tunisian capital, the PM has said. Italian, Spanish, Polish and German citizens were among those killed, as well as a Tunisian and a police officer, PM Habib Essid said.

Nine people have been arrested in connection with a gun attack in Tunis that saw 23 people killed on Wednesday, including 20 foreign tourists. Tunisia’s presidency said four of those arrested were directly linked to the attack and five had “ties to the cell”. The army will also be deployed to major cities, the presidency added. In another development, Islamic State said it was behind the attack on the Bardo museum, using an audio message to praise two “knights of the caliphate”.

Tunisia’s president has urged Tunisians to unite to fight terrorism, two days after an attack on the Bardo museum in the capital Tunis killed 25 people, mostly foreign tourists.

TURKEY

The jailed Kurdish rebel leader Abdullah Ocalan has renewed a call for his fighters to end their armed struggle in Turkey. In a message read out at a huge rally marking the Kurdish new year, Ocalan called for a congress to decide on abandoning the insurgency. His Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) has been waging a 30-year armed struggle for Kurdish independence.

AFRICA

At least 70 bodies have been found dumped outside the town of Damasak in north-eastern Nigeria, after it was recaptured from Boko Haram militants. The victims appear to have been killed some time ago, as the bodies were partially mummified by the desert air. Troops from Niger and Chad seized Damasak on Saturday, ending months of control by the Islamist militants.

Reported 17th March 2015 – Nigeria’s military says it has retaken the north-eastern town of Bama from the Islamist military group Boko Haram. A large number of militants were killed and a “mopping up” operation is continuing in the second largest town in Borno state, it said.

Reported 17th March 2015 – Women and children are among dozens of people killed in a dawn raid on a village in central Nigeria. Police say 45 people died in the attack by unidentified gunmen on Egba village in in Benue state. But local politician Audu Sule said 81 villagers had been killed by the attackers, who were all armed with Kalashnikov rifles. Police are hunting the attackers but no arrests have been made yet, state police spokesman Austin Ezeani told AFP news agency.

Sierra Leone’s Vice-President Samuel Sam-Sumana has been sacked for seeking political asylum in a foreign embassy, the president’s office has said. President Ernest Bai Koroma had dismissed him because he had “abandoned” his duties, it added.

Reported 18th March 2015 – Four people have been killed in an attack in north-east Kenya, officials say. Security sources said a group of hooded men threw a grenade at a small shop in the town of Wajir, about 100 km (60 miles) from the Somali border. Local police said the shop caught fire, burning the bodies of the victims beyond recognition. The attack is the fourth in five days in Kenya’s remote and restive north-east region.

The US defence department has confirmed that it has killed an al-Shabab leader, Adan Garar. The Pentagon says the militant was hit by a drone equipped with Hellfire missiles in southern Somalia a week last Friday.

BURMA

A New Zealander and two Burmese men have been found guilty of insulting religion in Myanmar over a poster promoting a drinks event depicting Buddha with headphones. Philip Blackwood, who managed the VGastro Bar in Yangon, was arrested in December along with bar owner Tun Thurein and colleague Htut Ko Ko Lwin.

SERBIA

Last week, Serbian police arrested seven men accused of taking part in the slaughter of over 1,000 Muslims at a warehouse on the outskirts of Srebrenica. The seven are among the first to be arrested by Serbia for carrying out the Srebrenica massacre in July 1995, Serbian and Bosnian prosecutors say.

RUSSIA

European Union leaders have agreed to keep sanctions on Russia in place until the end of this year at the earliest. The sanctions, imposed because of Russia’s alleged military intervention in Ukraine, are now linked to “complete implementation” of a ceasefire deal.

On the anniversary of Russia’s annexation of Crimea from Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin acknowledged the harm caused by Western sanctions. He said the measures, imposed on individuals and key economic sectors, were “not fatal, but naturally damage our ongoing work,” Interfax reported.

SWEDEN

Two men have been killed and up to 15 injured in a shooting in a restaurant in the south-western Swedish city of Gothenburg, police say. They say automatic weapons – believed to be Kalashnikov assault rifles – were used in the attack late on Wednesday. The men who died were between 20 and 25, police said.

NETHERLANDS

A Chechen woman living in the Netherlands has taken her two young children against their father’s will to join Islamic State (IS) militants in Syria, Dutch prosecutors say. The mother, a boy aged eight and a seven-year-old girl are believed to have travelled using false passports.

GERMANY

Dozens of people were hurt and some 350 people arrested as anti-austerity demonstrators clashed with police in the German city of Frankfurt, last week. Police cars were set alight and stones were thrown in a protest against the opening of a new base for the European Central Bank (ECB). Violence broke out close to the city’s Alte Oper concert hall hours before the ECB building’s official opening.

SPAIN

A convicted killer is among 10 of Britain’s most wanted fugitives believed to be on the run in Spain. The National Crime Agency (NCA) has released the names of the most wanted, whose crimes range from rape to child abuse and drug trafficking. The list was published in Madrid as part of Operation Captura. It includes ex-soldier Shane Walford who was jailed in 2010 for the manslaughter of an off-duty fireman while on leave from the army.

CANADA

A Canadian court has convicted two terror suspects over a plot to attack a train from New York to Toronto. Raed Jaser, a Canadian resident of Palestinian descent, and Tunisian migrant Chiheb Esseghaier were arrested in 2013 after an undercover operation.

USA

The US military has called for “vigilance” after an online threat was allegedly made by Islamic State (IS) to about 100 of its personnel. A list of names and addresses was posted on a website linked to the group alongside a call for them to be killed. The Pentagon said the threat was unverified and would be investigated.

Reported 21st March 2015 – US security staff shot a knife-wielding man three times at New Orleans international airport after he tried to storm a checkpoint, officials say. They say the man, named as Richard White, 62, attacked an airport security worker with wasp spray before striking another on the arm with a large knife.

Reported 22nd March 2015 – A man who was shot by police as he tried to storm a checkpoint at New Orleans international airport on Friday has died from his wounds, police say. Richard White, 63, allegedly struck a security worker with a large knife after attacking another with spray.

Last week, a plane en route to Denver, Colorado, was been forced to return to Washington DC after a man caused a disturbance onboard. Passengers had to tackle the man as he charged the cockpit claiming to have a bomb, according to local media reports. Airport police took the man – who has not been named – into custody late last Monday, and later to a local hospital.

Early last week, A US millionaire who was recorded in private appearing to confess to three killings has been charged with murder in Los Angeles. Robert Durst was filming a documentary about his connections to three deaths when he remarked off camera he had “killed them all”. Prosecutors charged the former property tycoon with murdering his friend Susan Berman. He may face the death penalty.

The White House says it is deeply concerned at what it called the “divisive rhetoric” in the Israeli election, which ended in a surprise win for Benjamin Netanyahu’s Likud party. During campaigning, Mr Netanyahu said he would not allow the creation of a Palestinian state if re-elected.

Last week, the US Secret Service said it is conducting further tests on an envelope posted to the White House which may contain cyanide. Tests at a post screening facility were found to have traces of the poison.

A US Air Force veteran accused of trying to join Islamic State has appeared in court in New York and denied all charges. Tairod Nathan Webster Pugh, a 47-year-old former aircraft mechanic from New Jersey, spoke only to repeat his name to the judge.

One person is dead and at least five have been shot at multiple locations in a suburb of Phoenix, Arizona.

Police have arrested a gunman – who has not been named – after a manhunt in Mesa lasting several hours. Multiple locations across the city were in lockdown as police from several nearby communities converged on the city to help with the search.

One month to the day before the April 15, 2013, Boston Marathon bombings, someone used Dzhokhar Tsarnaev’s laptop computer to read a seven-page article titled ‘Make a Bomb in the Kitchen of Your Mom’ in the al-Qaeda magazine, ‘Inspire’. The laptop was also used to read ‘Join the Caravan’, an appeal to Muslims to rise up written Abdullah Yusuf Azzam, a slain founding member of al-Qaeda nicknamed the ‘Father of Global Jihad’.’ The supervisor of the FBI’s Boston Cyber Squad who is a computer forensics expert, testified in court in the continuing case against Dzhokhar Tsarnaev.

The U.S. has omitted Iran and Hezbollah from its list of terror threats, according to an annual security assessment published by the Times of Israel the week. The unclassified report, titled ‘Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community’ was presented to the U.S. Senate by James Clapper, the director of National Intelligence on February 26. The report has excluded Iran and Hezbollah from its list of terror threats to U.S. interests, after both had been included as threats in previous years. In a 2014 report the National Intelligence director said that Iran and Hezbollah continue to directly threaten the interests of U.S. allies. The report claimed that Hezbollah had increased its “global terrorist activity.” In the latest report, the terrorism section focuses exclusively on the rise of militant groups like ISIS and The Nusra Front.

CYBER ISSUES:

Britain’s spies have told businesses to consider stripping employees of company smart phones and memory sticks to protect themselves from cyber-attacks, The Telegraph can disclose. Advice issued by GCHQ, the government’s listening post, and other departments warns firms that staff are the “weakest link in the security chain” and protective action must be taken. Companies have been told staff should only use trusted Wi-Fi networks – effectively ruling out using laptops in coffee shops like Starbucks without special protections – and constantly update internet browsers. They were also warned disgruntled employees may attempt to “steal or physically deface” computers or become vulnerable to blackmail if secrets about their personal lives become known. The warnings were contained in ‘10 Steps to Cyber Security’ guidance issued by CESG – the Information Security arm of GCHQ – in conjunction with the Cabinet Office, Business Department and Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure.

The Chinese government, seeking to steal valuable secrets, has hacked into the computers at every major American company, according to the nation’s former spy director. Mike McConnell, who served as director of national intelligence under President George W. Bush, made the comments during a speech at the University of Missouri two weeks ago. “The Chinese have penetrated every major corporation of any consequence in the United States and taken information,” he said.
“We’ve never, ever not found Chinese malware.”

The FBI considers Evgeniy Bogachev one of the world’s most prolific and brilliant cyber criminals, slapping his photos on “Wanted” fliers posted online. The Russian would be an ideal target for prosecution — if only the Justice Department could find him. Unable to bring him into custody in the 10 months since his indictment, the government has turned to a time-honoured technique long used for more conventional crime: putting a bounty on Bogachev’s head. It’s too soon to say whether the $3 million reward for information leading to his arrest — the first of its kind offered under a special State Department programme — will ever pay off. But federal officials say they intend to use the strategy in additional cyber cases involving international hackers whose whereabouts are either unknown to the U.S. government or who are holed up in nations that have little or no diplomatic relations with the United States.

South Korea’s government accused North Korea last week of carrying out cyber-attacks last December on its nuclear power plant operator, describing them as a provocation which threatened people’s lives and safety. “We condemn North Korea’s persistent cyber-terror targeting our country and the international community,” the unification ministry said after investigators concluded the North was behind the attacks. “It’s a clear provocation against our security,” the ministry said in a statement, accusing Pyongyang of “taking the life and safety of our
people as a hostage”. Tensions between the neighbours are running high after the South this month held joint military drills with the United States, which the North has condemned as provocative rehearsals for invasion.

AND FINALLY

About 300 people have been arrested in the Indian state of Bihar, authorities say, after reports emerged of blatant cheating in school exams. Parents and friends of students were photographed climbing school walls to pass on answers. Many of those arrested were parents. At least 750 students have been expelled. An estimated 1.4m students are taking their school leaving exams in Bihar alone – tests seen as crucial for their chances of a successful career.

SIGNIFICANT ANNIVERSARIES:

24 March 1986 U.S. retaliation against Libyan aggression during naval exercise in Gulf of Sirte
27 March 2001 Abdelmajid Dahoumane arrested for role in plot to attack Los Angeles International Airport on 31 December 1999
29 March 2010 Some 40 killed and 60 wounded as two female [Chechen] suicide bombers attack two Metro stations in Moscow.
29 March 2015 British Summer Time begins – clock in the UK go forward 1 hour
29 March 2015 Christian festival – Palm Sunday
30 March 1979 British MP, Airey Neave, killed by under vehicle bomb as he drove out of the Palace of Westminster. Irish National Liberation Army claimed responsibility.

1 April 2015 All Fools Day (UK and US)
2 April 1998 In the Irish Republic, a 990lb VBIED is discovered at Dublin ferry port bound for England. The device was made safe. Real IRA blamed.
2 April 1986 Attempted sabotage of TWA flight 840. Four people killed, nine injured.
2 April, 1982 Argentina invades the Falkland Islands, precipitating war with Britain
April campaign across the USA
3 April 2015 Christian festival – Good Friday
4 April 1986: La Belle discothèque bombed in Germany killing three. Libya implicated in the attack.
April 4 1979 Execution by hanging of former Pakistan President Bhutto
4 April 2015 Pesach (Passover)
5 April 2015 Christian festival – Easter Day
April 5, 1988 Hezbollah hijack a Kuwaiti B747 aircraft, an incident that lasted 16 days.
6 April 2015 UK Public Holiday – Easter Monday
April 6, 2001 Algerian Ahmed Ressam is convicted of the New Years Day plot to bomb Los Angeles airport.
April 6, 1994 Presidents of Rwanda and Burundi killed when their aircraft was believed shot down by a missile. Start of Rwanda civil war.
April 7, 1998 Rocket attack on the Athens branch of the U.S. Citibank
April 10, 1998 Northern Ireland’s Good Friday Agreement signed
April 10, 1992 Massive Provisional IRA truck bomb functions outside the City of London’s Baltic Exchange killing 3 people and causing immense damage.
April 11, 1968 Founding day of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command
April 12, 1997 Police in Sarajevo thwart an attempt to kill the Pope.
April 12, 2000 HM Queen presents the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) with the George Cross, the highest civilian award for bravery.
April 14, 2005 In the UK, Kamel Bourgass is jailed for 17 years for plotting to spread Ricin. He was already serving life for the murder of a police officer during a police raid on his Manchester apartment in 2003.
April 15, 2013 Three killed, 264 wounded when bombs explode at Boston Marathon; Djokhar Tsarnaev arrested, Tamerian Tsarnaev killed in manhunt
April 15, 1986 U.S. fighter planes from USAF Lakenheath attack targets in Libyan cities of Tripoli and Benghazi. Libya threats to retaliate against US and UK.
April 16, 1988 Assassination in Tunis of PLO Leader Abu Jihad by Israeli Agents
April 17, 1984 Murder of woman police officer, Yvonne Fletcher, outside Libyan Peoples Bureau in St. James Square, London.
April 17, 1961 An invasion force of Cuban exiles lands at Cuba’s Bay of Pigs to try to overthrow Fidel Castro.
April 18, 1983 Hezbollah mounts a massive VBIED attack on the U.S. Embassy in Lebanon killing 63 people and wounding more than 100.
April 18, 2010 Abu Ayyub al-Masri and ‘Umar al-Baghdadi, the leaders of al-Qaeda in Iraq, are killed in Coalition raid in Baghdad
April 19, 1993 End of the siege at the Branch Davidian Cult in Waco, Texas.
April 19, 1995 Massive VBIED attack on the Federal building in Oklahoma kills 167 people. McVeigh later executed for this crime June 2001.
April 20, 2014 Easter Day – Christian
April 20, 1870 Birth Date of Hitler (occasional rallies by extreme Right Wing groups)
April 20, 1998 Germany’s Red Army Faction announces its disbandment
April 21, 1926 Birthday of HM Queen Elizabeth ll. Gun salutes in Hyde Park
April 21, 1997 End of 126-day siege at Japanese Ambassador’s residence in Peru.
April 22, 2002 Al-Qaeda attack on a Tunisia synagogue in Djerba kills 19 people
April 24, 1915 Anniversary of Armenian genocide in Turkey.
April 24, 1916 Start of the Easter Rising in Dublin.
April 24, 1968 Founding of Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command.
April 24, 1993 A massive Provisional IRA truck bomb at Bishopsgate, City of London, kills one person and injures 35 others.
April 24, 1996: Large Provisional IRA Semtex bomb under Hammersmith Bridge fails to function properly.
April 25, 2011 Easter Monday
April 25, 1997: To date, the last Provisional IRA attack on mainland UK prior to their current ceasefire. A bomb attack on an electricity pylon next to M6 in Walsall.
April 25, 1980 Failed U.S. military hostage rescue mission to free 53 U.S. hostages held in the Iranian capital, Tehran.
April 26, 1986 Chernobyl Disaster
April 27, 1984 End of Libyan Embassy siege in London
April 28, 2011 Bomb kills 15 in Marrakech cafe frequented by Westerners in first major attack in country since May 2003; government blames AQIM but group denies responsibility
April 29, 1992 Rioting in Los Angeles following verdict in Rodney King case
April 30, 1975 The war in Vietnam ends as Saigon surrenders to the Vietcong.
April 30, 1973 President Nixon takes responsibility for the Watergate scandal but denies any personal involvement
April 30, 1980 Iranian Embassy siege in London – ended on May 5th in a resolution by 22 Special Air Service Regiment